Digital Composing:
-Combining all the elements from CGI or live action footage into a final product.
For example:
In the film Avengers End Game the team that would be creating the film would have to use digital compositing to piece together all of the CGI and the Live Action shots that has been created during production which will create a finalised polished product in the end.
Blue/ Green Screen:
-Green/Blue screens are used to be keyed out later and have a different image placed over them later. The reason why Green and Blue screens are used because the shades and blue are unnatural, as they rarely appear in shots meaning there will be no issues when chroma keying. However, most filming sets would use blue screens because as it is more beneficial to the human skin, along with giving off a more natural light.
For Example:
In the film Spiderman No Way Home, the production team would use a blue screen during production and then later replace it with a background in Post-production.
What is Chromo Keying?
-Chromo keying is when you can select a specific colour and then remove it from a shot to then have an image or another colour replace it from that specific scene.
When is it used?
Chroma keying is used in films such as Guardians Of The Galaxy, as the VFX team would use it to transform environments along with having the casts transformed in that scene completely.
Computer Generated Imagery (CGI):
-This is imagery that was drawn in and animated by a set of VFX artists. This can then be added into a shot when it is being composited.
For Example:
In Rouge 1 a Star War story they used CGI to for the character Grand Moff Tarkin, as the original actor who played this character had passed away long before this film was brought into plan.
Matte Shot
A Matte Shot is a special effect shot in filmmaking, where 2 or more images are combined together to make a single image. This is done by masking out parts of the image and superimposing another image with the rest of the image. Most Mattes are used to combine foreground images. For example, actors being on set with a background image.
Also, Matte shooting is very common in filming, as they are very cheap to do, as it only requires you to take a photo or paint a scenic background to save travel costs for the rest of the crew.
Examples of Matte Shots
The image here gives us a clear view of when Matte shots were used in films. For example, in Star Wars Return of the Jedi, the shot here was mainly painted, instead of being a full set and designs. This was most likely done to save a lot of budgeting for the rest of the film, by having short footage used as Matte shots to save time.
Morphing
Morphing is a type of animation where a subject, object or shape is changed or transformed. The method of using Morphing is to gain the attention of the audience, as either an actor is transforming into something or the scene around them is changing. This has been used in many films (mainly SI-FI or horror) as they bring a sense of supernatural atmosphere around that scene.
Examples of Morphing
The image above, shows us how advanced Morphing is in the 21st century. The reason why I picked Venom as an example of Morphing, is because these transitions are really crucial to the film, as they were originally inspired through comics of the character. This also makes what is happening in the film really realistic, that the audience will pick up positively on.
Rotoscoping
Rotoscoping is the process of manually altering film footage one frame at a time. This is mainly done in animation to improve the movement of animated characters to make them move more realistic. Company's that first started using this in the 30s such as Disney, as the Dwarves in Snow White where edited frame by frame to make them look realistic. Disney used this in many different animation films that they created such as Cinderella and Alice in Wonderland were all created using rotoscoping.
Example
The image here shows how Disney used Rotoscoping when creating snow-white. From what we can see it looks like all the images have been drawn in to portray every action of movement she does in the film. Once these have been created, they would flick through each page to create an animated moving image without using a computer designed for animation.
3D Effects in Movies
3D effects in movies are made through the creation of illusion of depth, as it makes images appear to have height, width and depth. This effect is achieved when using two separate images, one for the left eye and one for the right eye, which are then projected onto the screen. For example this would be used in cinemas with the 3D glasses.
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